Gure A., Lara F.J., Megersa N., del Olmo-Iruela M., García-Campaña A.M.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain; Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Gure, A., Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain, Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Lara, F.J., Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain; Megersa, N., Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; del Olmo-Iruela, M., Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain; García-Campaña, A.M., Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
In this study a simple, rapid, and efficient method has been developed for the determination of six sulfonylurea herbicides (SUHs): triasulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsulfuron, flazasulfuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, and primisulfuron-methyl in commercial grape and apple juice samples, using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with capillary high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Various parameters that influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, sample pH, and salt addition, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, limits of detection and quantification of the method were in the ranges of 2-9 and 8-29 μg L-1, respectively, lower than the maximum residue limits set by the European Union for the raw fruits, such as grape and apple. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations varied from 1.0 to 8.2 and 1.8 to 9.8 %, respectively, with recoveries between 72.0 and 109.5 % for commercial grape (both white and red) and apple juice samples, showing satisfactory accuracy for the determination of SUHs in fruit juices. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Chromatography; Fruit juices; Herbicides; High performance liquid chromatography; Weed control; Apple juice; Capillary high-performance liquid chromatography; Capillary HPLC; Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; Extraction efficiencies; Maximum residue limits; Relative standard deviations; Sulfonylurea herbicides; Solvent extraction; Malus x domestica; Vitaceae
